Clojure - Operators
An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations.
Clojure has the following types of operators −
- Arithmetic operators
- Relational operators
- Logical operators
- Bitwise operators
Note − In Clojure, operators and operands work in the following syntax manner.
Syntax
(operator operand1 operand2 operandn)
For example,
Example
(+ 1 2)
The above example does an arithmetic operation on the numbers 1 and 2.
Arithmetic Operators
Clojure language supports the normal Arithmetic operators as any language. Following are the Arithmetic operators available in Clojure.
Show Examples
| Operator |
Description |
Example |
| + |
Addition of two operands |
(+ 1 2) will give 3 |
| − |
Subtracts second operand from the first |
(- 2 1) will give 1 |
| * |
Multiplication of both operands |
(* 2 2) will give 4 |
| / |
Division of numerator by denominator |
(float (/ 3 2)) will give 1.5 |
| inc |
Incremental operators used to increment the value of an operand by 1 |
inc 5 will give 6 |
| dec |
Incremental operators used to decrement the value of an operand by 1 |
dec 5 will give 4 |
| max |
Returns the largest of its arguments |
max 1 2 3 will return 3 |
| min |
Returns the smallest of its arguments |
min 1 2 3 will return 1 |
| rem |
Remainder of dividing the first number by the second |
rem 3 2 will give 1 |
Relational Operators
Relational operators allow comparison of objects. Following are the relational operators available in Clojure.
Show Examples
| Operator |
Description |
Example |
| = |
Tests the equality between two objects |
(= 2 2) will give true |
| not= |
Tests the difference between two objects |
(not = 3 2) will give true |
| < |
Checks to see if the left object is less than the right operand |
(< 2 3) will give true |
| <= |
Checks to see if the left object is less than or equal to the right operand |
(<= 2 3) will give true |
| > |
Checks to see if the left object is greater than the right operand |
(> 3 2) will give true |
| >= |
Checks to see if the left object is greater than or equal to the right operand |
(>= 3 2) will give true |
Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to evaluate Boolean expressions. Following are the logical operators available in Groovy.
Show Examples
| Operator |
Description |
Example |
| and |
This is the logical “and” operator |
(or true true) will give true |
| or |
This is the logical “or” operator |
(and true false) will give false |
| not |
This is the logical “not” operator |
(not false) will give true |
The following code snippet shows how the various operators can be used.
Bitwise Operators
Clojure provides four bitwise operators. Following are the bitwise operators available in Clojure.
Show Examples
| Sr.No. |
Operator & Description |
| 1 |
bit-and
This is the bitwise “and” operator |
| 2 |
bit-or
This is the bitwise “or” operator |
| 3 |
bit-xor
This is the bitwise “xor” or Exclusive ‘or’ operator |
| 4 |
bit-not
This is the bitwise negation operator |
Following is the truth table showcasing these operators.
| p |
q |
p&q |
p | q |
p ^ q |
| 0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| 0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
| 1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
| 1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
Operator Precedence
As is the case with LISPs in general, there is no need to worry about operator precedence. This is one of the benefits of S-Expressions and prefix notation. All functions evaluate left to right and inside out. The operators in Clojure are just functions, and everything is fully parenthesized.
